The National Weather Service (NWS), through the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC), provides critical information about hurricanes and tropical storms. These forecasts help individuals and communities prepare for and respond to the devastating potential of these powerful weather events. This article will outline the key components of National Weather Service Hurricane advisories, watches, and warnings.
How the National Weather Service Tracks Hurricanes
The NHC monitors the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific, while the CPHC is responsible for the central North Pacific. Both centers issue advisories at least every six hours when a tropical cyclone forms. These updates include information on the storm’s location, intensity, and projected path. When a storm threatens coastal areas, advisories are issued every three hours. These advisories, along with crucial watches and warnings, can be accessed via the official websites (hurricanes.gov and weather.gov/cphc), traditional media (TV and radio), mobile devices, and NOAA Weather Radio.
National Weather Service Hurricane Warnings: Understanding the Threat Levels
Hurricane warnings signify imminent danger. They are categorized into several levels to indicate the specific threat:
Hurricane Warning
Indicates that hurricane conditions (sustained winds of 74 mph or greater) are expected within the specified area within 36 hours. This provides crucial time for preparation and potential evacuation.
Tropical Storm Warning
Signifies that tropical storm conditions (sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph) are expected within 36 hours. Preparations should be finalized.
Storm Surge Warning
Warns of life-threatening flooding from rising water moving inland, generally within 36 hours. Heed evacuation orders immediately if issued.
Extreme Wind Warning
Indicates that extreme sustained winds of a major hurricane (115 mph or greater), usually associated with the eyewall, are expected within one hour. Immediately seek shelter in a sturdy structure’s interior.
National Weather Service Hurricane Watches: Potential for Danger
Watches indicate the possibility of hazardous conditions developing, requiring close monitoring and preparation:
Hurricane Watch
Suggests hurricane conditions are possible within 48 hours. Begin preparations as it might become unsafe once winds reach tropical storm force.
Tropical Storm Watch
Indicates potential tropical storm conditions within 48 hours. Monitor official updates and prepare for possible impacts.
Storm Surge Watch
Warns of the possibility of life-threatening flooding from rising water, generally within 48 hours. Stay informed and be ready to act.
“Potential Tropical Cyclones” and “Post-Tropical Cyclones”
The NWS may issue watches and warnings for storms that haven’t yet fully developed into tropical cyclones but pose a threat, termed “potential tropical cyclones.” Similarly, warnings may be issued for storms that have weakened but still present dangers, referred to as “post-tropical cyclones.”
Local Information and Resources
Local NWS Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs) provide specific information for your area through:
Hurricane Local Statement
Offers a summary of the potential impact and preparedness information.
Tropical Cyclone Threats and Impact Graphics
Visually depict the potential impacts of wind, coastal flooding, inland flooding, and tornadoes. These graphics help residents understand the specific risks to their area.
Conclusion: Stay Informed and Stay Safe
National Weather Service hurricane forecasts are essential for safeguarding lives and property. By understanding the various warnings, watches, and advisories, and by staying informed through official channels, you can effectively prepare for and respond to the dangers of hurricanes. Always follow instructions from local officials and prioritize safety during these severe weather events.
